Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles by Microwave Irradiation

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Abstract

The multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are vital for producing structurally varied molecular objects. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) contain three or more synthetic stages and are carried out without isolation of any intermediate, thus requiring mild reaction conditions. They are eco-friendly and cost-effective, have a short reaction time, produce higher yields, and require raw materials. The use of microwave irradiation in green organic synthesis sustains some of the aims of “green and sustainable chemistry.” It offers several benefits over the conventional approach in reducing time, reaction rates, selectivity, product yields, etc. Consequently, the preparation of various heterocycles using a one-pot multicomponent method combined with the application of microwave irradiation is one of the best areas amongst synthetic chemistry. The present study illustrates an overview of recent progress on microwaveirradiated, one-pot multicomponent synthesis of heterocycles.

Keywords: Benzoxazoles, Conventional Heating, Furans, Fused Heterocycles, Green Chemistry, Heating Mechanism, Heterocyclic Compounds, Imidazoles, Multicomponent Synthesis, Microwave Effects, Microwave Irradiation, One-pot Reaction, Pyrans, Pyridines, Pyrimidines, Pyrroles, Reaction selectivity, Spiroheterocycles, Thiazoles, Triazoles