Innovations in contraceptive methods have emerged in large numbers in
recent decades. Intrauterine devices are a commonly used form of contraception
worldwide. Another contraceptive method recently developed is Essure, which is a
permanent sterilization intratubal device that can be introduced by hysteroscopy. When
it comes to intrauterine devices, the ultrasound is the gold standard method to identify
problems related to their position; additionally ultrasound can be reliably used to assess
the position of intratubal devices, although the gold standard is still the
hysterosalpingography. In this chapter we will report the main applications described
for ultrasound when evaluating these devices and summarize the evidences comparing
the diagnostic accuracy of two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound.
Keywords: Essure, Intrauterine devive, Intratubal device, Levonorgestrelreleasing
IUD, Two-dimensional, Three-dimensional, Ultrasound.