Neuropathological Features of Covid-19

 In December 2019, the world witnessed the spread of a new pandemic from the Wuhan city, China, which was later known as Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2. The main effects of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been reported on human respiratory and cardiovascular systems, but neurological impacts have also been witnessed in most of the patients. Some common symptoms of COVID-19, such as stroke, anosmia, and dysregulation of breathing, are somehow related to the neuropathological processes. The detailed studies dealing with the neurological impacts of COVID-19 have revealed that the central nervous system is affected by SARS-CoV-2. Still, this disease also impacts the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the muscles as well. T Guillain-Barré syndrome, Miller Fisher syndrome, polyneuritis cranialis, and viral myopathy with rhabdomyolysis are some of the diseasesthat affect muscles and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), but these diseases are usually less frequent. Usually, the symptoms of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) impacting the neurological system are reported in cases of severe illness. Thus care must be taken during the treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19) patients. A careful diagnosis is key before starting the treatment. This chapter aims to discuss the neuropathological impacts of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords: Central nervous system (CNS), COVID-19, Neurological manifestations, Neuropathology, Peripheral nervous system (PNS), SARS-CoV-2.