The development of micro-total analysis systems targeting blood sample detections requests
the availability of microfluidic devices for whole blood sample pretreatment including blood cell and
plasma separation, white blood cell lysis and DNA purification, to name a few. In this chapter,
background introduction of whole blood samples is conducted followed by a summary of key features
and historical development of microfluidics. The marriage of microfluidics and whole blood
pretreatment is highlighted with advantages and potential concerns discussed in detail.
Keywords: Microfluidics, sample pretreatment, whole blood.
