Water, being a universal solvent, makes up to 70% of the weight of living
organisms. The amphoteric nature of water is explained by Lewis and Bronsted acidbase
theory. Hydrogen bonding is crucial in many chemical processes. It is accountable
for having water's unique solvent capabilityand also for hydrophobic effect. This
chapter discusses in detail the hydrogen bonding between neighbouring water
molecules and theirrole in physical and chemical changes in the water molecule. It also
discusses the relationship between pressure and temperature in water via a phase
diagram.
Keywords: Acids, Bases, Buffer, Hydrogen bonding.
