Abstract
Objective: To examine the association of mid-life exposure to several psychiatric disorders with the development of late-life dementia. Methods: A matched case-control study using Western Australian state-wide hospital inpatient, outpatient mental health and emergency records linked to death records. Incident dementia cases (2000-2009) aged 65 to 84 years were sex- and age-matched to an electoral roll control. Records as far back as 1970 were used to assess exposure to medical risk factors before age 65 years. Candidate psychiatric risk factors were required to be present at least 10 years before dementia onset to ensure direction of potential causality. Odds ratios were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Results: 13, 568 dementia cases (median age 78.7 years, 43.4 % male) were matched to a control. Depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorder and alcohol dependence were found to be significant and independent risk factors for late-life dementia after adjusting for diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and smoking risk factors. The effect of a history of depression, schizophrenia and alcohol dependency on dementia risk varied with age, being strongest for earlier onset late-life dementia and waning at older ages. Conclusion: Severe depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and alcoholic dependency disorder treated by specialists in psychiatric facilities in mid-life are important risk factors for late-life dementia. These psychiatric conditions need to be considered in future studies of the risk and prevention of late-life dementia.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, case-control studies, dementia, depression, risk factors, schizophrenia.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Severe Psychiatric Disorders in Mid-Life and Risk of Dementia in Late- Life (Age 65-84 Years): A Population Based Case-Control Study
Volume: 11 Issue: 7
Author(s): Renate R. Zilkens, David G. Bruce, Janine Duke, Katrina Spilsbury and James B. Semmens
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, case-control studies, dementia, depression, risk factors, schizophrenia.
Abstract: Objective: To examine the association of mid-life exposure to several psychiatric disorders with the development of late-life dementia. Methods: A matched case-control study using Western Australian state-wide hospital inpatient, outpatient mental health and emergency records linked to death records. Incident dementia cases (2000-2009) aged 65 to 84 years were sex- and age-matched to an electoral roll control. Records as far back as 1970 were used to assess exposure to medical risk factors before age 65 years. Candidate psychiatric risk factors were required to be present at least 10 years before dementia onset to ensure direction of potential causality. Odds ratios were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Results: 13, 568 dementia cases (median age 78.7 years, 43.4 % male) were matched to a control. Depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorder and alcohol dependence were found to be significant and independent risk factors for late-life dementia after adjusting for diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and smoking risk factors. The effect of a history of depression, schizophrenia and alcohol dependency on dementia risk varied with age, being strongest for earlier onset late-life dementia and waning at older ages. Conclusion: Severe depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and alcoholic dependency disorder treated by specialists in psychiatric facilities in mid-life are important risk factors for late-life dementia. These psychiatric conditions need to be considered in future studies of the risk and prevention of late-life dementia.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zilkens R. Renate, Bruce G. David, Duke Janine, Spilsbury Katrina and Semmens B. James, Severe Psychiatric Disorders in Mid-Life and Risk of Dementia in Late- Life (Age 65-84 Years): A Population Based Case-Control Study, Current Alzheimer Research 2014; 11 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205011666140812115004
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205011666140812115004 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Alzheimer's Disease Drug Development
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite decades of research, no cure or disease-modifying treatment is available yet. Therefore, the need for developing effective therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease is an urgent matter. This special issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
![](/images/wayfinder.jpg)
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Biologic Agents for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Ezetimibe; More Than a Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering Drug? An Update After 4 Years
Current Vascular Pharmacology Bile Acids and Derivatives, Their Nuclear Receptors FXR, PXR and Ligands: Role in Health and Disease and Their Therapeutic Potential
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Effect of Statins on the Blood Lipid Profile in Patients with Different Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cardiovascular Effects of Ghrelin and Growth Hormone Secretagogues
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Nutrapharmacology of Tocotrienols for Metabolic Syndrome
Current Pharmaceutical Design Vascular Effects of Ambient Pollutant Particles and Metals
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cardiorenal Syndrome Triggered by Slowly Progressive Drugs Toxicity-Induced Renal Failure along with Minimal Mitral Disease: A Case Report
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Sirolimus: A Novel Immunosuppressive Drug in Heart Transplantation
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Cyanopeptides: A New and Nearly Inexhaustible Natural Resource for the Design and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of New Inhibitors of Trypsin-like Serine Proteases
Current Enzyme Inhibition A Review on the Efficacy and Safety of Intrathecal Administration of Novel Medications for Leptomeningeal Metastases in Solid Cancers
Current Medicinal Chemistry Subject Index to Volume 9
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial (Thematic Issue: Targeting Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease)
Medicinal Chemistry Aquaporins as Targets for Drug Discovery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Understanding The Role of Inflammasome in Angina Pectoris
Current Protein & Peptide Science Suppression of Virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis by Potent Inhibitors Specific for Gingipains
Current Protein & Peptide Science Pharmacological Approach of No-Reflow Phenomenon Related with Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry <i>Salvia aucheri</i> Exhibits Antihypertensive Activity in Hypertensive Rats
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Mitochondria for Cardiac Protection
Current Drug Targets Osteopontin; as a Target Molecule for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases
Current Drug Targets