Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1871-5230
ISSN (Online): 1875-614X

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Standardization and Pharmacological Evaluation of Ziziphus mauritiana Extract for Sedative and Anticonvulsant Activity in Mice and Rat

Author(s): Nadim Siddique, Akash Ved, Karuna Shanker Shukla and Amit Kumar Nigam*

Volume 23, Issue 1, 2024

Published on: 25 January, 2024

Page: [31 - 38] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/0118715230276586231215045816

Price: $65

Abstract

Introduction: Ziziphus mauritiana, sometimes called Indian jujube or Ber, belongs to the Rhamnaceae group of plants. The aqueous and ethanolic Ziziphus mauritiana formulations were shown to have analgesic, antipyretic, potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-emetic properties.

Aims & Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the sedative and anticonvulsant activities of Ziziphus mauritiana extract by governing 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight orally.

Materials and Methods: The leaves are extracted with ethanol and lukewarm water with a soxhlet apparatus for 72 hours. After that acute extract toxicity study was performed and then locomotor activity, pentobarbital induced sleeping time and anticonvulsant activity were performed with the extract.

Results: Oral administration of extract at dosages of 200 & 400 mg/kg was employed after an immediate toxicity test. At a dosage of 400 mg/kg, the number of locomotions was reduced significantly lengthened the period of time spent sleeping and there was showed a dosage-dependent reduction in all phases of an epileptic episode.

Conclusion: In this study, the extract reduced locomotor activity, however, it had a superior profile for an antiepileptic action than phenytoin since it decreased locomotor activity to a lesser level. The considerable increase in pentobarbitone sleep hours with the extracts at a higher dose supported the sedative action of Z. mauritiana.

Keywords: Anticonvulsant, sedative, Ziziphus mauritiana, actophotometer, pentobarbital, locomotor activity.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Youssoufi, M.H.; Ben Hadda, T.; Warad, I.; Naseer, M.M.; Mabkhot, Y.N.; Bader, A. POM analyses of anti-kinase activity of thirteen peptide alkaloids extracted from Zizyphus species. Med. Chem. Res., 2015, 24(1), 267-274.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00044-014-1117-7]
[2]
Thakur, A.; Arora, N.K.; Singh, S.P. Evaluation of some grape varieties in the arid irrigated region of northwest India. Acta Hortic., 2008, (785), 79-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.785.6]
[3]
Abalaka, M.E.; Daniyan, S.Y.; Mann, A. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of two Ziziphus species (Ziziphus mauritiana L. and Ziziphus spinachristi L.) on some microbial pathogens. Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2010, 4(4), 135-139.
[4]
Akanda, M.K.M.; Hasan, A.H.M.N.; Hasan, A.H.M. Characterization of pharmacological properties of methanolic seed and stem bark extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana (BAU Kul) using in-vitro and in-vivo animal (Swiss albino male mice) model. Clinical Phytoscience, 2021, 7(1), 8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40816-020-00246-0]
[5]
Mishra, T.; Khullar, M.; Bhatia, A. Anticancer potential of aqueous ethanol seed extract of Ziziphus mauritiana against cancer cell lines and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., 2011, 2011, 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/765029] [PMID: 20953391]
[6]
Bhatia, A.; Mishra, T. Hypoglycemic activity of Ziziphus mauritiana aqueous ethanol seed extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Pharm. Biol., 2010, 48(6), 604-610.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880200903218935] [PMID: 20645731]
[7]
Devi, S.; Pandey, V.B.; Singh, J.P.; Shah, A.H. Peptide alkaloids from Zizyphus species. Phytochemistry, 1987, 26(12), 3374-3375.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82518-2]
[8]
Shah, A.H.; Khan, R.M.A.; Maurya, S.K.; Singh, V.P. Nummularine-s: A cyclopeptide alkaloid from stem bark of Zizyphus nummularia. Phytochemistry, 1989, 28(1), 305-307.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)85072-1]
[9]
Han, B.H.; Park, M.H.; Park, J.H. Chemical and pharmacological studies on sedative cyclopeptide alkaloids in some Rhamnaceae plants. Pure Appl. Chem., 1989, 61(3), 443-448.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac198961030443]
[10]
Goncharova, N.P.; Isamukhamedov, A.S.; Glushenkova, A.I. Lipids ofZizyphus jujuba. Chem. Nat. Compd., 1990, 26(1), 16-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00605189]
[11]
Tschesche, R.; Wilhelm, H.; Fehlhaber, H.W. Alkaloids from rhamnaceae, XIV Mauritin-A und Mauritin-B, new peptide alkaloids from Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk. Tetrahedron Lett., 1972, 13(26), 2609-2612.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)84887-5]
[12]
Evans, W.C. Trease and Evans’ Pharmaconosy, 15th ed; W.B. Sounders Company Ltd.: London, 2005.
[13]
Madaan, R.; Kumar, S.; Bansal, G.; Sharma, A. Estimation of total phenols and flavonoids in extracts of actaea spicata roots and antioxidant activity studies. Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 2011, 73(6), 666-669.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.100242] [PMID: 23112402]
[14]
Mahdi-Pour, B.; Jothy, S.L.; Latha, L.Y.; Chen, Y.; Sasidharan, S. Antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of different parts of Lantana camara. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2012, 2(12), 960-965.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60007-6] [PMID: 23593576]
[15]
Moradi, Hossein; Ghavam, Mansureh Tavili, Ali Study of antioxidant activity and some herbal compounds of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. in different ages of growth. Biotechnol. Rep., 2020, •••, 25.
[16]
Zhao, G.; Yan, W.; Cao, D. Simultaneous determination of betulin and betulinic acid in white birch bark using RP-HPLC. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2007, 43(3), 959-962.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2006.09.026] [PMID: 17084057]
[17]
Alahmad, A.; Alghoraibi, I.; Zein, R.; Kraft, S.; Dräger, G.; Walter, J.G.; Scheper, T. Identification of major constituents of hypericum perforatum l. extracts in syria by development of a rapid, simple, and reproducible HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF MS Analysis and Their Antioxidant Activities. ACS Omega, 2022, 7(16), 13475-13493.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c06335] [PMID: 35559140]
[18]
Malik, F.; Singh, J.; Khajuria, A.; Suri, K.A.; Satti, N.K.; Singh, S.; Kaul, M.K.; Kumar, A.; Bhatia, A.; Qazi, G.N. A standardized root extract of Withania somnifera and its major constituent withanolide-A elicit humoral and cell-mediated immune responses by up regulation of Th1-dominant polarization in BALB/c mice. Life Sci., 2007, 80(16), 1525-1538.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2007.01.029] [PMID: 17336338]
[19]
Butt, S.Z.; Hussain, S. Munawar, KS Phytochemistry of Ziziphus mauritiana: An overview of its nutritional and pharmaceutical potential. Sci Inquiry Rev, 2021, 5(2), 1-5.
[20]
Khandelwal, K.R. Practical Pharmacognosy Technique and Experiments, 13th ed; Nirali Prakashan: Pune, India, 2005.
[21]
Tschesche, R.; Hillebrand, D.; Wilhelm, H.; Ammermann, E.; Eckhardt, G. Hysodricanin-A, Mauritin-H, Scutianin-F und Aralionin-C, vier weitere cyclopeptidalkaloide aus Ziziphus, Scutia und Araliorhamnus. Phytochemistry, 1977, 16(7), 1025-1028.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86715-1]
[22]
Jossang, A.; Zahir, A.; Diakite, D. Mauritine J, a cyclopeptide alkaloid from Zizyphus mauritiana. Phytochemistry. 1996; 42:565-7. 34. Pandey VB, Singh AK, Pandey MB, Singh VP, Mauritine-K. A new antifungal cyclopeptide alkaloid from Zizyphus mauritiana. J. Indian Chem. Soc., 2007, 84, 781-784.
[23]
Adnaik, R.S.; Pai, P.T.; Sapakal, V.D.; Naikwade, N.S.; Magdum, C.S. Anxiolytic activity of Vitex negundo Linn. in experimental models of anxiety in mice. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2009, 3(3), 243-247.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-8258.56284]
[24]
Danjuma, M.N.; Abdu-aguye, I.; Anuka, J.A.; Hussaini, I.M.; Zezi, A.U. Evaluation of anticonvulsant activity of the hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Randia nilotica Stapf in mice and chicks. Niger. J. Pharm. Sci., 2009, 8, 36-45.
[25]
Balamurugan, G.; Dharan, M.; Rajan, S. Antiepileptic activity of polyherbal extract from Indian medicinal plants. Journal of Scientific Research, 2008, 1(1), 153-159.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1057]
[26]
Owczarek, K. Treating epilepsy: A review of Polish historical sources. Epilepsy Behav., 2011, 22(2), 226-230.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.05.021] [PMID: 21775214]
[27]
Pandhare, R.B.; Mohite, P.B.; Khanage, S.G.; Sangameswaran, B. In vivo anticonvulsant activity of Aegle marmelos Corr. J. Pharm. Res., 2009, 2, 1852-1854.
[28]
Buznego, M.T.; Pérez-Saad, H. Behavioral and antiepileptic effect of acute administration of the extract of the aquatic plant Echinodorus berteroi (Sprengel) Fassett (upright burhead). Epilepsy Behav., 2006, 9(1), 40-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.03.015] [PMID: 16713362]
[29]
Toman, J.E.P.; Loewe, S.; Goodman, L.S. Physiology and therapy of convulsive disorders: Effects of anticonvulsant drugs on electroshock seizures in man. Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry, 1914, 53, 312-324.
[30]
Ibrahim, G.; Abdulmumin, S.; Musa, K.Y.; Yaro, A.H. Anticonvulsant activities of crude flavonoid fraction of the stem bark of Ficus. Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2008, 3(5), 351-356.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jpt.2008.351.356]
[31]
Seeman, P. Atypical antipsychotics: Mechanism of action. Can. J. Psychiatry, 2002, 47(1), 27-38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370204700106] [PMID: 11873706]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
10
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy