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Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-398X
ISSN (Online): 1875-6387

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Research Article

Utility of the Presence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Detecting COVID-19 in Symptomatic Children and Adolescents: An Analytical Cross-sectional Study

Author(s): Reza Sinaei, Kimia Iranmanesh*, Sara Pezeshki, Mohammad Hasannejad, Ali Hosseininasab, Saeedeh Parvaresh and Roya Sinaei

Volume 20, Issue 1, 2024

Published on: 06 November, 2023

Page: [38 - 46] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/011573398X267876231017072820

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Understanding immunoreactivity against SARS-CoV-2 provides a basis for the pathophysiology of COVID-19 while also providing a means to confirm the disease and reduce its transmission.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1st, 2020 to December 30th, 2022. The patients’ characteristics, clinical and laboratory data, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) results, and the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (serology testing) were recorded.

Results: A total of 182 children were included. PCR returned positive in 60.4%, while serology indicated infection in 86.4% of the participants. Sex as a factor was not significantly associated with the results of either of the tests. However, seropositive children were older (p < 0.001), while PCR-positive children were younger (p < 0.01). Those who presented with cough (p < 0.05) or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C) (p < 0.05) had higher seropositivity rates than those without. In contrast, those who presented with fever (p < 0.001) or seizures (p < 0.01) had higher chances of having a positive PCR for COVID-19. In individuals suffering from arthralgia, limping, or arthritis, positive serology was observed in 96.3%, 95.2%, and 96.9%, respectively. However, positive results from PCR were observed in 67.2%, 67.1%, and 30.3% of the mentioned individuals, respectively.

Conclusion: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology is a valuable diagnostic tool in individuals presenting late with arthralgia, arthritis, limping, MIS-C, or other delayed presentations, especially when PCR returns negative for the virus.

Keywords: COVID-19, serology, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, seropositivity, arthritis, limping, MIS-C.

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