Metabolic Syndromes

Metabolic Syndromes (MetS) are recognized as a cluster of risk factors which are known to increase the likelihood of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). It is significant to understand disease pathology in order to discover a pathological mechanism leading to the development of MetS. Elevated triglycerides, increased blood pressure, hyperglycemia (increased blood glucose levels), low levels of High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and elevated waist circumference are key parameters in diagnosing MetS. Various therapeutic interventions have been developed for treating metabolic diseases like polypills which are commonly known as combination pills, along with the fixed dose combinations. In addition to pharmacological handling, surgical treatment is also showing success in treating MetS such as Bariatric treatment. With the emerging experimental techniques, gene therapy allows the replacement of a defective gene with a healthy one, which may eventually reverse the disease. Leptin Gene Therapy, ZFN Gene Editing, CRISPR/ Cas9 genome editing are different platforms of gene therapy which are showing promising results in treating the metabolic disease. Novel experimental approaches and pharmacological treatments can provide a better insight into metabolic syndrome and its related complications, thereby reducing its global burden.

Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, CVDs, Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, Polypills, Type 2 Diabetes.