Ecological concerns like polluted drinking water have impacted every facet
of our existence. Ecological restoration hinges predominantly on employing diverse
methods,` such as absorption, adsorption, chemical processes, light-induced catalysis,
and purification of water, for the elimination of pollutants from distinct ecological
mediums like terrain, aqua, and atmosphere. Nanoscience is a cutting-edge scientific
discipline possessing the capacity to address numerous ecological hurdles through the
manipulation of the dimensions and configuration of substances at a nanoscopic level.
Carbon nanomaterials (NMs) are exceptional due to their harmless characteristics, large
area, simplified decomposition, and notably beneficial ecological restoration. In this
context, this chapter discusses the mechanistic pathways and uses of carbon materials
for the light-catalyzed and adsorption elimination of contaminants present in polluted
water. Carbon materials enable improved adsorption owing to robust bonding between
contaminants and binding regions. In light-induced chemical reactions, increased
efficacy is credited to the enhanced capture of radiance and diminished reassembly of
light-activated charge carriers. The recent advancements achieved in the elimination of
contaminants from contaminated water utilizing diverse forms of carbon NMs as
adsorptive agents, including graphene, carbon nanotubes, activated carbon, and
fullerenes, are examined.
Keywords: Adsorption, Carbon NMs, Environmental remediation, Pollutants, Water.
