Environmental nanotechnology deals with environmental issues and plays a
crucial role in contemporary science and engineering. These cutting-edge
nanomaterials (NMs) are being used for a variety of purposes, with a primary focus on
environmental preservation. Understanding matter has been made possible by
nanoscience and nanotechnologies, which have significant effects on all industries and
economies, including food and agriculture, energy production efficiency, the
automobile industry, cosmetics, medicine and pharmaceuticals, computers, weapons,
and household appliances. The environmental sector leverages nanotechnology to
develop sensors for the detection, monitoring, and analysis of toxic contaminants,
contributing to the protection of the environment. The field of nanotechnology is
improving the detection of hazardous water-borne compounds and creating new
avenues for water purification, desalination, and decontamination. For the purpose of
detecting pesticides, NM-based unit-molecular and array types of biosensors are being
developed. Environmental applications of nanotechnology include developing solutions
to present environmental challenges as well as preventative measures for future
problems caused by interactions between energy, materials, and the environment.
These applications additionally seek to evaluate and alleviate any possible dangers
associated with nanotechnology. Different physicochemical and biological techniques
can be used to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) for a variety of uses. The utilization of
microorganisms in the biogenic synthesis of NPs offers several advantages over
alternative methods and is increasingly gaining attention. This chapter provides an
overview of environmental nanotechnology and explores the techniques utilized in the
biogenic synthesis of NPs, along with their characterization.
Keywords: Characterization, Environment, Nanomaterials, Environmental nanotechnology, Nanoparticles, Nanosensors, Pollutants, Synthesis.
