This chapter of the book provides a detailed analysis of polymeric hydrogels
in medicine, exploring their different properties, synthesis techniques, and biomedical
applications. Starting with an introduction, it explains the definition and historical
evolution of polymeric hydrogels and their importance in advancing biomedicine. The
chapter then examines the physical characteristics, chemical structure, and responsive
behavior of polymeric hydrogels to provide a foundational understanding. It also
covers different synthesis and fabrication techniques, including polymerization
approaches and various crosslinking methods, as well as advanced techniques such as
microfluidics and 3D printing. The chapter then delves into the biocompatibility and
bifunctionality of polymeric hydrogels, including their interactions with biological
systems and the incorporation of bioactive agents for specific applications. It discusses
their different applications in medicine, from drug delivery systems to wound healing
and tissue engineering, with illustrative case studies. The chapter also addresses the
challenges and solutions related to biodegradability, immunogenicity, and regulatory
considerations, providing a holistic perspective. Finally, it explores future directions
and emerging trends, identifying opportunities for cross-disciplinary collaboration and
integration with emerging technologies. Its objective is to serve as a valuable resource
for researchers, scientists, and professionals, fostering a deeper understanding of
polymeric hydrogels and inspiring further advancements in this dynamic field.
Keywords: Applications, Adhesives, Biocompatibility and biofunctionality, Bioactive agents, Biomedical applications, Drug delivery, Hydrogels, Interaction with biological systems, Polymers, Properties, Regenerative medicines, Regenerative medicine, Responsive behaviour, Surgical sealants, Smart biomaterials, Tissue Engineering, Wound healing.
