Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in
women and the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. There is a 5% lifetime
risk of developing CRC in many regions and despite treatment, 45% of persons
diagnosed with CRC die as a result of the disease. The development of molecular
biology techniques and methods has allowed a thorough knowledge of the
carcinogenicity process in the CCR. Currently, multiple guidelines are available that
provide guidance to clinicians who refer patients to screening. Although colonoscopy is
the preferred tool for detecting and diagnosing CCR, non-invasive stool-based tests are
widely used. In this section we reviewed the most important studies that have been
published regarding molecular biomarkers to identify new approaches, as well as
metabolomics for identifying new biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Death occurring
from colorectal cancer can be prevented by detecting cancer and precancerous lesions
at an early stage. For achieving this goal, new screening tools are mandatory and
research for better screening tests is needed.
Keywords: Colonoscopy, Colorectal cancer, Faecal test, Metabolomics,
Screening.
