Infections are an important reason of increased morbidity and mortality in
children with DS. Infection in children with DS characterized by increased severity of
infection due to accentuated inflammatory response; increased the need for intensive
care; prolonged duration of illness and need for extra or augmented treatment to cure
the same infections compared with the normal population. In this chapter we will
discuss the causes of increased infections in children with DS, the relation of infection
to the pathogenesis of DS, the common infection in DS and immune modulation of
children with DS. Every effort should be done to minimize the risk of infection and to
improve their immunity.
Keywords: Air way anomalies, Antioxidants, Bacterial pneumonia, Breast
feeding, Children, Congenital ear anomalies, Congenital Heart Diseases, Down
syndrome, Gastro-oesophageal reflux, Hygiene, Immune aging, Immune
modulation, Immunodeficiency, Infections, Nutritional deficiencies, Otitis media,
Palivizumab, Pidotimod, Respiratory syncytial virus, Vaccination.
