Assessment of energy intake and energy expenditure is crucial for
recommendation of weight maintenance and weight loss regimen. Energy intake but
also proportion and composition of individual nutrients is essential for effective weight
management and diet recommendation, which should be applied during earliest periods
of life. In this respect, nutritional status of the mother, factors during fetal and perinatal
period play an important role from the point of view of actual, but also future consequences.
Individual nutrients as well as their composition with regard to their present
and delayed effect are summarized in the chapter. Diet – energy intake and nutrient
composition should be considered and related to energy expenditure.
Keywords: Adolescence, Appetite, Balance, Carbohydrates, Children, Energy,
Epigenetic factors, Expenditure, Equation, Food, Growth, Intake, Intervention,
Lean body mass, Lipids, Management, Mother, Microbiome, Nutrition, Obesity,
Weight.