The concept of inflammation throughout its history has become exceedingly
enhanced by the discovery that inflammation does not just participate in conditions that
produce redness, swelling, heat, pain and loss of function. Nowadays, inflammation is
associated with numerous and diverse diseases, including arterial hypertension,
atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, neurodegeneration and cancer. In addition,
inflammation is a process also involved in many physiological processes like
embryogenesis, regeneration, aging and animal development. Understanding the great
versatility of the inflammatory response is very useful for surgeons given its application
potential during pre-, intra- and postoperative management of their patients.
Keywords: Inflammation, surgery, surgical history, injury, elective surgery,
accidental surgery, surgical treatment, transplantation, vessels anastomosis, parainflammation,
meta-organism.