Several diseases can lead to life-threatening conditions, but their intermittent
nature and vague symptoms often make diagnosis challenging. Therefore, activitybased diagnosis is an approach that simplifies the diagnostic process and improves
accuracy. This narrative review examines the current scenario of activity-based
diagnostic methods in infectious and non-infectious diseases, using various databases,
including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus (2000-2024). Clinical
studies and review articles were included, with emphasis on technological advances
and validation studies. The activity-based diagnosis has several advantages over
traditional methods, like enhancing specificity, sensitivity, and detection time. The
innovations include fluorescent probes, colorimetric detection systems, nanosensors,
and the integration of artificial intelligence. Further clinical trial data show favorable
results in cancer screening, as well asthe detection of infectious and chronic diseases,
as this approach enhances targeted therapy and diagnosis.
Keywords: Activity-based diagnostics, Assay, Disease, Enzyme, Probes, Sensors
