In the worldwide healthcare system, blood-based biomarkers for
neurological illnesses have been recognized as important instruments for early
diagnosis, disease monitoring, and individualized treatment. Currently, several research
studies have reported robust assays of blood biomarkers for the identification of tau and
beta-amyloid proteins for Alzheimer-type dementia. Neurofilament light polypeptide is
linked to various conditions, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and is used
alongside inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and cytokines to assess
neuroinflammation and underlying pathophysiologic processes. These biomarkers are
intriguing, but they have issues related to standardization, sensitivity, and specificity.
Blood-based biomarkers provide affordable, non-invasive diagnostic tools in the
evolving healthcare landscape, particularly in resource-constrained countries where
advanced imaging is less readily available. In the near future, blood-based biomarkers
can be used for patient screening, tailored treatment, and remote care integration.
Widespread acceptance, however, will depend on removing the present legislative and
technological obstacles and guaranteeing consistent clinical utility. Blood-based
biomarkers can be utilized for global management of neurological illnesses and have
the potential to be used clinically. In this review, recent advancements and their fruitful
implications, as discussed by neurologists, will be discussed.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Beta-amyloid proteins, Blood-based biomarkers, Neuroinflammation.
