Many arthropod species, including ticks, fleas, sand flies, mosquitoes,
triatomine bugs, and black flies, serve as vectors for numerous diseases that affect
humans and animals. These vectors transmit pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and
protozoa, which cause diseases like dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and
malaria. As cold-blooded animals, arthropod vectors are highly sensitive to fluctuations
in climatic factors. Climate change significantly impacts several aspects of vector
biology and ecology, including survival and reproduction, abundance and distribution,
pathogen development and survival, as well as spatiotemporal distribution. Generally,
climate change is a crucial factor influencing the survival, reproduction, distribution,
and density of disease vectors, subsequently affecting the epidemiology of vector-borne
diseases.
Keywords: Arthropods, Climate changes, Diseases, Distribution, Pathogens, Vector
