Drug repurposing involves the study of finding new indications of already
approved drugs. In PCOS, this approach has helped by taking advantage of diverse
pharmacological uses of drugs to treat the intricate pathophysiology of the disease.
Several medications having different indications, including metformin and statins, have
demonstrated promising effectiveness in managing PCOS symptoms. These repurposed
drugs target insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and dyslipidemia, providing an
integrated approach to PCOS treatment and potentially improving metabolic and
reproductive outcomes. Additionally, fecal microbiota transplantation emerges as a
novel curative option in PCOS, focusing on the intricate link between gut microbiota
and metabolic health. Alterations in the gut microbiota, termed dysbiosis, have shown a
close relationship with the pathogenesis of PCOS. Thus, FMT, which involves the
transfer of microbiota from a healthy donor to the patient's gut, aims to restore the gut
flora alterations and improve the PCOS symptoms. Preliminary studies have shown
that FMT potentially improves PCOS symptoms by perfecting metabolic,
inflammatory, and hormonal profiles. Likewise, vaginal microbiota seems to have a
crucial role in female reproductive health, and in relation to this, vaginal microbiota
transplantation holds promise as an innovative strategy for managing PCOS. VMT has
shown encouraging results in various gynecological diseases, such as bacterial
vaginosis. This chapter, therefore, provides insights about the alternative treatments
explored for the management of PCOS.
Keywords: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), Repurposed drugs, Vaginal Microbiota Transplantation (VMT).
