Bone regeneration and replacement are always challenging conditions, and
with treatments, the chances of falling are often the least than expectations. This
chapter emphasizes the function of biopolymers in bone replacement and regeneration,
highlighting biopolymers that can be converted into scaffolds, hydrogels, and
composites that mimic the extracellular matrix, facilitating the growth and repair of
new bone. Their ability to promote cell adhesion, proliferation (rapid increase in the
number or amount of cells), and differentiation makes them an alternative to traditional
synthetic materials. Also, the biopolymer-based materials can be arranged in such a
manner as to release bioactive molecules, enhancing osteogenesis,a genetic or heritable
disease in which bones fracture or break easily, often without any major reason or
minor injury. Angiogenesis is the process by which the body creates new capillaries
from existing blood vessels. This chapter describes biopolymers in-depth and their role
in the current biopolymer-based strategies for bone regeneration and replacement,
including their mechanical properties, degradation rates, and osteoconductive
potentials. It also focuses on the potential of biopolymers of composites and hybrid
materials to enhance the regeneration the bones, combining the benefits of natural and
synthetic materials. This chapter examines the potential of biopolymers for developing
innovative solutions for bone replacement and regeneration, such as 3D-printed
biopolymer-based implants and bioactive coatings. By harnessing the potential of
biopolymers, the researchers can develop revolutionary treatments for bone
regeneration and replacements, which lead to improvement in patient outcomes and
enhances quality of life.
Keywords: Biocomposites, Biopolymer scaffolds, Bone cells, Bone healing, Bone replacement, In vitro testing, Novel biopolymer, Properties of biopolymer, Recent advancement, Stem cell therapy.
