Diabetes is a crucial health issue affecting people all over the world due to
its increasing rates and huge socio-economic impact. This chapter discusses the
epidemiology of diabetes by indicating that both Type-I and Type-II diabetes cases are
on a sharp rise globally. The multifactorial nature of the epidemics and their
susceptibility is presented in terms of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors
that have contributed to the pervasive nature of the illness. Further, in this chapter,
some of the major limitations in the management of Diabetes Mellitus, such as factors
related to early detection of the disease, compliance to treatment, and management of
complications are presented. This is further demonstrated through the necessity of
different approaches and therapies in various regions, due to differences in access to
healthcare services and their outcomes. The chapter also analyzes the modern treatment
strategies, which include recent advancements in drug treatment where new oral and
injectable drugs have been introduced and innovations in insulin delivery devices such
as continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump systems. Also, the paper discusses
in detail the role of lifestyle changes and education of the patient on diabetes control.
As such, these new treatments will be grouped into ranges that include gene
manipulation strategies, regenerative technologies, and healthcare information and
communication technologies. These cutting-edge treatment modalities are expected to
enhance disease management and treatment possibilities. The concluding section of the
chapter provides an overview of potential treatments and research opportunities within the public health system to mitigate the burden of diabetes in the population. The
significance of collaboration in addressing this intricate, demanding, and dynamic issue
is also emphasized.
Keywords: Diabetes, Digital health technologies, Epidemic, Gene therapy, Hyperglycemia, Pharmacotherapy, Polyuria, Polydipsia, Polyphagia, Pancreatic beta cells, Regenerative medicine, Obesity.
