Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are one of the most lethal pests that have
emerged in the past years. These nematodes are microscopic in size, cylindrical in
shape, and inhabit mostly terrestrial ecosystems. They account for a significant biotic
limiting factor that hampers crop yield and productivity. PPNs are majorly categorized
into three categories such as lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.), Root-knot
nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), and cyst nematodes (Heterodera and Globodera spp.).
They are known to be the primary cause of pest infestation among other PPNs.
Terpenes, flavonoids, alcoholics, and phenolics are essential plant secondary
metabolites with a reliable potential to control the PPN population. Reports have shown
that they reduce the gall size, inhibit egg hatching, increase the mortality rate of
infective juveniles (IJs), etc., which lead to the death of IJs and hence protect the crops
against PPNs. Such studies elucidate the importance of using plant phytoconstituents as
a natural alternative to hazardous chemical pesticides, which are dangerous to
humankind and nature. This chapter culminates the efficiency of plant secondary
metabolites and their significance in killing root-knot nematodes majorly of different
species infesting commercial agricultural crops at different life cycle stages.
Keywords: Egg hatching, Infective juvenile, Plant parasitic nematodes, Root knot nematode, Secondary metabolites.
