Plant-nematode interactions represent a dynamic interplay between parasitic
nematodes and their host plants, influencing plant health and agricultural productivity
worldwide. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms
underlying plant defense against nematode infestation. It begins with an exploration of
nematode parasitism strategies, including sedentary endoparasites and migratory
ectoparasites, the discussion delves into the molecular and biochemical mechanisms
employed by plants to recognize nematode invasion and mount defense responses. Key
topics include the role of plant hormones such as jasmonic acid and salicylic acid in
signaling pathways, the activation of defense-related genes, and the induction of
physical barriers to nematode penetration. Furthermore, recent advances in
understanding plant-nematode interactions, such as the discovery of nematode effectors
and their manipulation of plant immunity, are highlighted. Additionally, the chapter
examines the potential application of biotechnological approaches, such as breeding for
nematode resistance and the use of biocontrol agents, in managing nematode
infestations sustainably. By elucidating the intricate mechanisms of plant defense
against nematodes, this chapter aims to contribute to the development of effective
strategies for enhancing crop resilience and ensuring global food security. By
synthesizing current knowledge and research findings, this chapter contributes to a
comprehensive understanding of plant-nematode interactions and provides insights into
novel avenues for enhancing plant resistance to nematode pests. Ultimately, elucidating
the intricacies of plant defense mechanisms against nematodes holds promise for
sustainable agriculture practices and the development of resilient crop varieties in the
face of evolving pest pressures.
Keywords: Plant immunity, Nematode effectors, Plant-nematode interactions, Plant defense mechanisms, Molecular signaling pathways.
