Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a chronic metabolic disorder
characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, has emerged as a
significant public health challenge globally due to its rapidly increasing prevalence.
Growing evidence, as demonstrated by various studies, show that there is a significant
association between the development of T2DM and disturbance in the composition
profile of gut microbiota, which has generated interest in establishing the roles played
by various metabolites derived from the gut microbiota in the development of T2DM.
New approaches to treat T2DM by regulating the gut microbiota using probiotics,
prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation have generated significant
interest.
Keywords: Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR), Gut microbiota, Gut permeability, Gut microbial metabolites, Probiotics, Prebiotics, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
