Huntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative complication
of the brain that causes uncontrolled choreatic movements, memory loss, abnormal
motor function, emotional changes, and a decline in cognition as well as an inability to
perform daily routine tasks. The development of advanced techniques, including
genetics, molecular biology, and genetic engineering, is beginning to discover an
anomalous role of immune modulatory molecules in HD onset and pathophysiological
complications. However, the role of immunoregulatory molecules, which are the key
chemical messengers that mediate intracellular communication to regulate cellular and
nuclear functions in HD pathogenesis, is still being unexplored. Here we present recent
immunological association studies on HD and emerging mechanisms for the
immunotherapies implicated in HD pathogenesis. The implications of immunotherapies
are very critical under both healthy and HD disease conditions. Recently, research
work has established new functional aspects of their pathways. Moreover, we propose
future directions for immune-related research in HD pathogenesis and potential
therapeutic approaches for immune-related therapies.
Keywords: Combination therapy, Huntington's disease, Immunotherapy, Immunomodulatory drugs, Neurodegeneration.