Different types of signalling pathways have been approved to be involved in
cancer imitation and progression. These signalling pathways include the JAK-STAT
signalling, NF-κB signalling, Wnt, Notch and Hedgehog. STAT (Signal Transducer
and Activator of Transcription) transports signals between proteins from the cell
membrane into the nucleus to contribute to cancer progression. NF-κB signalling is
essential for the survival of the B cell tumor types. The Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog
signalling pathways play a significant role in carcinogenesis by upregulating the genes
associated with these pathways. Hence, pharmacological inhibitors of WNT, NOTCH,
and HH pathways are required in clinical studies. Such inhibitors have features that
make them important during the clinical trial since they offer great potential as novel
therapeutics for cancer. They also have an antitumor response which should be taken
into consideration. The three signalling pathways are also known to shape cell fate
determination and differentiation. In case of depletion of a single molecular component
within the three pathways, embryonic lethality will form.
Keywords: HH signalling pathways, Hedgehog, NF-κB, NOTCH, Signaling, STAT, Transcription, Wnt (β)-Catenin.