Advanced Nanocatalysis for Organic Synthesis and Electroanalysis

Nanocatalysis in Aryl Carbon-Hetero Atom Coupling Reactions: Special Emphasis on Copper Free Protocols

Author(s): Roktopol Hazarika, Bidyutjyoti Dutta and Diganta Sarma *

Pp: 44-59 (16)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815040166122010005

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Nanomaterials have emerged as a keystone of nanoscience and
nanotechnology that cover a broad area in the field of research and development
worldwide. A set of substances having at least one dimension less than around 100
nanometres are termed nanoscale materials. At such a range, these nanomaterials
possess some unique optical, electrical, and magnetic properties; they have substantial
impacts in electronics, medicine as well as various organic synthesis. A wide variety of
nanoparticles, such as carbon-based/polymer-based/lipid-based/ceramic/metal-based,
etc., are found depending on composition, size, chemical and physical properties, and
morphology of nanoparticles. Metal nanoparticles have received special attraction for
organic synthesis nowadays. Due to their stronger ability to transfer electrons, large
surface area to volume ratio, easy recovery, and recyclability, metal nanoparticles have
become an attractive alternative for both homogenous as well as heterogeneous
catalysis in synthetic organic chemistry. The aryl-heteroatom bond formation in
organic synthesis is very important as the molecules with the generality of this bond are
of pharmaceutical, chemical, and biological interest. Synthesizing such molecules with
metal nanoparticles has the advantage of high atom economy, easy recyclability, and
reusability of the catalyst, which is far better than the conventional procedures that
demand toxic ligands and tedious procedures. The use of copper-free metal
nanoparticles for the synthesis of such moieties is a greener approach as copper has a
toxic mechanism of action.


Keywords: Catalysis, Copper Free Protocols, Metal-Based Nanoparticles, Narylation, O-arylation, S-arylation.

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