The earth holds several natural resources in itself. Water is the most crucial
resource among them. However, anthropogenic activities in the proximity of water
bodies are leading to water pollution. The primary concern is the textile industry, where
water consumption and environmental risk are significant. The manner the water
reaches into the water body is of primary concern as no proper treatment is done in
many cases. The review mainly focuses on the use of microorganisms for degrading
textile dyes in water through bioremediation. Among the different methods being
explored for dye degradation, bioremediation is one of the most promising. It is easy to
alter and more economical when applied to a commercial scale. Bioremediation is also
a sustainable solution that can be harnessed at a large scale and for several generations.
However, microbes with specific new biotechnological applications such as
nanobiotechnology can give better results. Still, significantly less literature is available
on this subject matter. Microbes are a powerful alternative for dye degradation as
several bacteria and fungi can degrade many acidic and basic dyes in short periods. The
effluent obtained at the end of the process does not have a tertiary effect, making these
microbes an efficient choice for dye degradation.
Keywords: Biomagnification, Bioremediation, Dyes, Microbes,
Nanobiotechnology.
