Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a well-known chronic inflammatory and
neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is considered the
most common autoimmune demyelinating disease of the CNS. It affects mainly young
adult females between 20-40 years of age. MS was previously considered a Tlymphocyte-
disease, but now B lymphocytes appeared to have a critical role in MS's
pathogenesis. Affected patients showed lower quality of life with an increased death
rate than the general population. The treatment of MS is challenging, and many drugs
have evolved primarily for the last 20-30 years. Since the introduction of interferons in
1993, there are more than sixteen disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) approved.
These drugs have different pharmacologic forms like injections, oral forms, and
intravenous infusion drugs. Each one has its benefits and drawbacks. Moreover, like
any other patient, MS patient has other symptoms that are not covered by DMT and
need symptomatic treatment. In this chapter, we attempt to present medications used to
treat acute relapse, different DMTs, symptomatic treatment for different MS symptoms.
Besides, we give attention to drugs under clinical trials.
Keywords: Acute Relapse, Disease-modifying Therapy (DMT), Multiple
Sclerosis (MS), Symptomatic Treatment.
