Natural organisms consist of an integral, multi-layered, finely tuned and
differentiated combination of basic components and may act as role models in
providing kinematic principles to structures subjected to time-varying external
conditions. The term biomimetic design is introduced in the present chapter to refer to
the synthetic integration of nature mechanisms considered in the development and
composition of kinetic structures. Respective kinematic principles transferred in the
design of structures follow performance-based open-loop design processes, made
possible through interdisciplinary modes of operation in research and design.
Following initial visions of kinetic architecture in achieving structural flexibility and
adaptability, respective prototype developments, achieved until recently, follow a hardmechanical
approach that enables the development of deployable and transformable
actuated bar structures. Confronted with implicated geometrical limitations, the
mechanical complexity and high energy consumption of such systems, a design
approach derived from soft mechanics is hereby proposed. So far, few realizations of
bending-active elements and hybrid systems with enhanced reversible elastic
deformability are based on plant movement principles. Following an overview of
related form-finding simulation and analysis methods, further bio-pulse oscillation
processes, present in nature, are proposed to extend the biomimetic design spectrum. In
a case example, motion principles of jellyfish pulse oscillations have been transferred,
scaled-up, and integrated into the design of a high-rise structure.
Keywords: Biomimetic Design, Kinetic Structures, Soft-Mechanical Approach,
Bio-Pulse Oscillations, High-Rise Structures.
