Neoplasms of the stomach may be benign or malignant. Gastric cancer is the
fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of
cancer-related death worldwide. Gastric carcinogenesis is probably a multi-step process
based on a model referred to as the Correa Cascade. It progresses mainly from H.
pylori induced chronic gastritis. Diagnosis is by endoscopy and biopsy. CT and
laparoscopy are required for adequate staging. Endoscopic mucosal resection or
surgery, are the standard treatment options for Tis, T1 early gastric cancer. No further
treatment is necessary if there is no residual or nodal disease. Subtotal or total
gastrectomy with regional lymphadenectomy is the standard surgical treatment for
early stage gastric cancer with lymph node metastases. In many parts of the world,
multi-modality treatment using chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (either following
surgery or combined pre-operative and post-operative administration) is the preferred
treatment strategy. In very advanced cases, a number of clinical trials have produced
evidence that chemotherapy improves survival in comparison to best supportive care in
selected patients. Gastro-intestinal stromal tumours are responsible for 2.2% of
malignant gastric tumours without any gender preference. They have a much better
prognosis than adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The incidence of gastric neuroendocrine
tumours is constantly rising. The majority of gastric NETs have a benign
course and asymptomatic behaviour. Primary gastric lymphoma originates from the
gastric wall or from the adjacent lymph nodes. The primary treatment is oncological.
Keywords: Benign gastric tumours, Cancer of oesophago-gastric junction,
Gastrectomy, Gastric adenocarcinoma, Gastric lymphoma, Gastro-intestinal
stromal tumours, Neuroendocrine tumours, Non-surgical treatment, Palliation of
gastric cancer, Pathology, Staging.