Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in atmosphere has increased since the
beginning of industrial age. CO2 biofixation by microalgae is a technology based on the
use of solar energy through photosynthesis to capture and use this carbon source,
mainly from industrial combustion flue gases. This CO2 mitigation technology enables
microalgal cultivation with an alternative source of carbon, decreasing the emissions of
industries (such as power generation) and making processes more sustainable and
environmentally friendly. The chapter aimed to approach the implementation of using
flue gas as a carbon source in microalgal cultures, as well as the metabolism of CO2
biofixation and the associated environmental issues.
Keywords: Biofixation, Biomass, Bioproducts, Carbon dioxide, Cultivation, Flue
gases, Global warming, Microalgae, Photosynthesis.
