Hearing loss has a significant impact on children’s ability to develop
adequate language and communication skills and often interferes with educational
performance as well as limits long-term employment opportunities. Hearing loss is
categorized into three broad categories: Conductive, Sensorineural, and Mixed.
Audiology workup aims to identify the category and the level of hearing loss;
evaluation is divided into subjective and objective tests. Rehabilitation is available to
almost all kinds and degrees of hearing loss if diagnosed and managed in a timely
manner. For that, we need to increase the awareness of the families and health care
providers as well about the screening programs and advocate its implementation in all
maternity and child care centers. In this chapter, we discuss acquired and congenital
causes of hearing loss. We will also address the diagnostic workup, and finally will
discuss in detail the recent developments in pediatric hearing rehabilitation.
Keywords: Cochlear implant, Congenital, Genetics, Hearing aids, Hearing loss,
Pediatrics, Syndrome.
