Three-dimensional scaffolds are known to directly influence proliferation
and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into bone tissue due to their properties
such as stiffness and topography. While conventional methods for chemical induction
of differentiation processes are based on incorporation of growth factors and/or
cytokines via blending or adhesion onto the scaffold surfaces, novel approaches use
template-mediated biomineralization to mimic the stimuli stem cells receive in their
natural niche. This chapter summarizes recent progresses in guided bone tissue
engineering with particular focus on design and functionality of three dimensional
scaffolds, chemical templates and promising approaches for the corresponding cellbased
approaches for future therapies.
Keywords: Biomineralization, Bone, Scaffolds, Stem cells, Template-mediation,
Tissue engineering.