Introduction
The human gut represents a dynamic ecosystem in which host physiology, resident microbiota, and dietary inputs continuously interact to regulate metabolic homeostasis, immune function, and overall health. Emerging research has revealed that this host–microbiome–diet interactome operates through complex molecular and biomolecular interfaces involving microbial metabolites, host receptors, signaling cascades, epigenetic modulation, and immune mediators. Disruptions in these finely tuned interactions contribute to the pathogenesis of numerous chronic conditions, including metabolic syndrome, inflammatory disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and age-related dysfunctions.
This thematic issue aims to present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of mechanistic insights into host–microbiome–diet crosstalk, highlighting recent advances in molecular biology, metabolomics, nutrigenomics, and systems biology approaches that decode these interactions. Particular emphasis will be placed on biomolecular interfaces such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acid signaling, microbial-derived neurotransmitters, immune-modulatory peptides, and host genetic determinants shaping microbial composition and function.
In addition to fundamental mechanisms, the issue will showcase translational applications including personalized nutrition strategies, probiotic and postbiotic interventions, microbiome-targeted therapeutics, functional foods, and dietary modulation for disease prevention and management. By integrating basic science discoveries with clinical and nutritional applications, this thematic collection seeks to bridge laboratory findings with real-world health solutions.
Overall, the proposed issue will serve as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and nutrition scientists, fostering interdisciplinary dialogue and guiding future innovations in microbiome-informed nutritional and therapeutic interventions.
Keywords
Host–Microbiome Interactions, Diet–Microbiota Crosstalk, Nutrigenomics, Microbial Metabolites, Biomolecular Signaling, Gut Ecosystem, Immune Modulation, Personalized Nutrition, Probiotics and Postbiotics, Translational Microbiome Research
Sub-topics
- Molecular mechanisms governing host–microbiome communication
- Dietary modulation of gut microbial composition and function
- Microbial metabolites as regulators of host metabolic pathways
- Biomolecular interfaces in gut barrier integrity and immune signaling
- Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics in microbiome-responsive diets
- Epigenetic regulation mediated by diet–microbiome interactions
- Role of short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan metabolites in host physiology
- Microbiome–brain–gut axis: nutritional and neuroimmune perspectives
- Dysbiosis-associated metabolic and inflammatory disorders
- Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics in therapeutic nutrition
- Personalized nutrition guided by microbiome profiling
- Microbiome-targeted functional foods and nutraceutical development
- Dietary interventions in microbiome-associated aging and longevity
- Systems biology and multi-omics approaches to host–microbiome–diet interactions
- Translational and clinical applications of microbiome-based nutritional strategies
