Title:From a Better Understanding of the Mechanisms of Action of Histone Deacetylases Inhibitors to the Progress of the Treatment of Malignant Lymphomas and Plasma Cell Myeloma
Volume: 12
Issue: 4
Author(s): Romeo G. Mihaila*
Affiliation:
- “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, Faculty of Medicine, Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Sibiu, str Lucian Blaga, nr 2A, Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu,Romania
Keywords:
Apoptosis, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, epigenetics, gene expression, histone deacetylases, histone deacetylases
inhibitor, multiple myeloma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma.
Abstract: Background: Notable progress has been made in chemo- and immunotherapy of B-cell lymphomas,
but less in the treatment of T-cell lymphomas.
Objective: Histone deacetylases inhibitors are a potentially useful therapeutic mean, as an epigenetic
dysregulation is present in lymphomas, and especially in T-cell types. We aimed to study the progress
made in this area.
Method: A mini-review was achieved using the articles published in PubMed in the last two years and
the new patents made in this field.
Results: Histone deacetylases inhibitors are involved in the derepression of tumor suppressor genes
through a histone deacetylase-mediated transcriptional process. Their inhibition is followed by cell
cycle arrest, cell differentiation, apoptosis, sometimes autophagy, and a reversal of the transformed
phenotype. They can also remove the resistance to chemo- or immunotherapy through different pathways.
Some of them, as romidepsin, may decrease the protein level of multi-drug resistance associated
protein 1, followed by a decrease in cellular drug export activity for DNA alkylating agents. Some
compounds are approved for relapsed/refractory T-cell lymphomas or multiple myeloma treatment.
The recent patents and the clinical trials with a histone deacetylases inhibitor administred in a synergistic
drug combination with a demethylating, immunomodulatory, or anticancer agent as well as the discovery
of more selective histone deacetylases inhibitors, with fewer side effects, could be a way to
increase the treatment efficacy.
Conclusion: New and more effective histone deacetylases inhibitors given alone or in drug combination
are a solution for an improved response to the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoproliferative
disorders.