Title:PI3K/Akt/mTOR Intracellular Pathway and Breast Cancer: Factors, Mechanism and Regulation
Volume: 23
Issue: 11
Author(s): Var Ruchi Sharma, Girish Kumar Gupta, A. K. Sharma, Navneet Batra, Daljit K. Sharma, Amit Joshi and Anil K. Sharma*
Affiliation:
- Department of Biotechnology, M.M. University, Mullana-Ambala -133207, Haryana,India
Keywords:
PI3K/Akt/mTOR, breast cancer, cell proliferation, intracellular, cytotoxic, therapy.
Abstract: Background: The most recurrent and considered second most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths
worldwide in women is the breast cancer. The key to diagnosis is early prediction and a curable stage but still
treatment remains a great clinical challenge.
Origin of the Problem: A number of studies have been carried out for the treatment of breast cancer which includes
the targeted therapies and increased survival rates in women. Essential PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway
activation has been observed in most breast cancers. The cell growth and tumor development in such cases involve
phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex intracellular
pathway.
Hypothesis: Through preclinical and clinical trials, it has been observed that there are a number of other inhibitors
of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which either alone or in combination with cytotoxic agents can be used for
endocrine therapies.
Conclusion: Structure and regulation/deregulation of mTOR provides a greater insight into the action mechanism.
Also, through this review, one could easily scan first and second generation inhibitors for PI3K/Akt/mTOR
pathway besides targeted therapies for breast cancer and the precise role of mTOR.
