Title:Role of CYP2E1 in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Hepatic Injury by Alcohol and Non-Alcoholic Substances
Volume: 10
Author(s): Mohamed A. Abdelmegeed*, Seung-Kwon Ha, Youngshim Choi, Mohammed Akbar and Byoung-Joon Song
Affiliation:
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892,United States
Keywords:
Alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, mitochondria, CYP2E1, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation,
mitochondrial dysfunction, post-translational protein modification.
Abstract: Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are two
pathological conditions that are spreading worldwide. Both conditions are remarkably similar with
regard to the pathophysiological mechanism and progression despite different causes. Oxidative stressinduced
mitochondrial dysfunction through post-translational protein modifications and/or
mitochondrial DNA damage has been a major risk factor in both AFLD and NAFLD development and
progression. Cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1), a known important inducer of oxidative radicals in the
cells, has been reported to remarkably increase in both AFLD and NAFLD. Interestingly, CYP2E1
isoforms expressed in both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, likely lead to the deleterious
consequences in response to alcohol or in conditions of NAFLD after exposure to high fat diet (HFD)
and in obesity and diabetes. Whether CYP2E1 in both ER and mitochondria work simultaneously or
sequentially in various conditions and whether mitochondrial CYP2E1 may exert more pronounced
effects on mitochondrial dysfunction in AFLD and NAFLD are unclear. The aims of this review are to
briefly describe the role of CYP2E1 and resultant oxidative stress in promoting mitochondrial
dysfunction and the development or progression of AFLD and NAFLD, to shed a light on the function
of the mitochondrial CYP2E1 as compared with the ER-associated CYP2E1. We finally discuss
translational research opportunities related to this field.
