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Current Genomics

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1389-2029
ISSN (Online): 1875-5488

Congenital Heart Disease: The Crossroads of Genetics, Epigenetics and Environment

Author(s): Cecilia Vecoli, Silvia Pulignani, Ilenia Foffa and Maria Grazia Andreassi

Volume 15, Issue 5, 2014

Page: [390 - 399] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1389202915666140716175634

Price: $65

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Abstract

Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are recognized as the most common type of birth malformations. Although recent advances in pre- and neonatal diagnosis as well as in surgical procedures have reduced the morbidity and mortality for many CHD, the etiology for CHD remains undefined. In non-syndromic and isolated (without a familial history or a Mendelian inheritance) forms of CHDs, a multifactorial pathogenesis with interplay between inherited and non-inherited causes is recognized. In this paper, we discuss the current knowledge of the potential molecular mechanisms, mediating abnormal cardiac development in non-syndromic and isolated CHD, including mutations in cardiac transcription factors, the role of somatic mutations and epigenetic alterations as well as the influence of gene-environment interactions. In the near future, the advent of high-throughput genomic technologies with the integration of system biology will expand our understanding of isolated, non-syndromic CHDs for their prevention, early diagnosis and therapy.

Keywords: Congenital heart disease, CHD, Genetics, Epigenetics, Environment, Point mutations, Methylation, microRNA.

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