Title:A Case Report of Anti-GAD65 Antibody-Positive Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Diabetes
Volume: 26
Author(s): Xiuping Xuan, Liheng Meng, Lulu Chen, Xuemei Xie, Xinghuan Liang*Yingfen Qin*
Affiliation:
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
Keywords:
Glutamate decarboxylase 65, autoimmune encephalitis, diabetes, β cell function.
Abstract:
Background: Patients with GAD65 antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis who
also have diabetes are usually considered to have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, previous
reports often lacked β-cell function assessments, relying solely on anti-GAD65 positivity
for diagnosis, which is insufficient for accurate classification.
Case presentation: We present a 30-year-old Chinese woman diagnosed with GAD65-associated
autoimmune encephalitis, hyperthyroidism, and diabetes. Her peak C-peptide level was
3.99 ng/mL, inconsistent with the β-cell dysfunction typical of classic T1DM. The combination of
high GAD65 antibody titers and preserved β-cell function made it challenging to determine her diabetes
type.
Conclusion: This case suggests that clinicians should pay more attention to assessing and monitoring
β-cell function when GAD65-associated autoimmune encephalitis is accompanied by diabetes.
