Title:Hemolacria in Children with Hematological Disorders: Case Reports
Volume: 5
Author(s): Sulaiman AlMusaileem, Eman Almatter*, Maha Bourusly, Wasmiyah AlMusaileem, Mariam Ahmed Alabdulhadi and Sondus Alsharidah
Affiliation:
- Department of Pediatrics, NBK Children Specialized Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
Keywords:
Hemolacria, Bloody tears, Immune thrombocytopenia, Eye, Hemorrhage, Systemic therapy.
Abstract:
Background:
Hemolacria, the presence of blood in tears, is an uncommon condition with various underlying etiologies. Although it can be alarming, its
occurrence is often linked to a range of medical conditions, particularly in pediatric patients.
Case Presentation:
We present two pediatric cases involving hematological diseases who developed hemolacria as a manifestation of their underlying conditions. Case
1 includes that of an eight-year-old girl with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) who developed hemolacria during an episode of epistaxis.
Case 2 is of a seven-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who presented with hemolacria during maintenance chemotherapy.
Both cases illustrate the importance of considering hematological disorders in the differential diagnosis of pediatric hemolacria. Both cases were
managed using a multidisciplinary strategy tailored to their underlying conditions. Systemic treatments, including intravenous immunoglobulin,
thrombopoietin receptor agonists, and chemotherapy, addressed the primary hematological disorders. Localized ocular therapies, such as artificial
tears, topical steroids, and antihistamines, were employed to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Supportive care measures, including
patient education and infection prevention protocols, were integral to both management plans.
Conclusion:
These two cases underscore the importance of recognizing hematological diseases as potential causes of hemolacria in children. Effective
management requires a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach that combines systemic treatment of the underlying disease with targeted local
therapies and supportive care. Timely intervention is critical to ensuring favorable outcomes in these rare but significant presentations.
