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Current Organocatalysis

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Research Article

Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Cu2O Nano Hollow Arrays in Ring-Expansion Aromatization Reactions

Author(s): Farzaneh Ebrahimzadeh*

Volume 12, Issue 3, 2025

Published on: 23 January, 2025

Page: [202 - 212] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/0122133372356100250116113708

Price: $65

Abstract

Introduction: Aromatization of dithioacetal derivatives is essential for the synthesis of bioactive compounds and drug design, playing a key role in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. This study explores the synthesis and catalytic application of Cu2O nano hollow arrays in ring-expansion aromatization reactions of cyclic dithioacetal derivatives obtained from cyclohexanones.

Methods: By using Cu2O nano hollow arrays prepared through molecular templates and a simple hydrothermal process, the electrophilicity of N-bromosaccharin was enhanced, allowing for efficient and selective production of aromatic compounds with yields ranging from 63-96%. Copper acetate is transformed into Cu2O nano hollow arrays in aqueous media, with polyvinylpyrrolidone acting as a capping agent and (+)-L-tartaric acid as a structure-directing surfactant and multidentate ligand.

Results: The synthesized Cu2O nano hollow arrays were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to verify their morphology, structure, and composition.

Conclusion: This method not only offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to synthesizing Cu2O with unique nano hollow structures, but also demonstrates their efficacy as catalysts in organic synthesis, particularly in the rarely reported ring-expansion aromatization of cyclic dithioacetal derivatives of cyclohexanone, emphasizing their broader applicability in materials science and catalysis.

Keywords: Copper (I) oxide, nano hollow arrays, dithioacetal derivatives, chemical reductions, ring-expansion aromatization, N-bromosaccharin (NBSac).

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