Title:The Role of Inflammatory and Hemostatic Markers in the Prediction of Severe Acute Pancreatitis: An Observational Cohort Study
Volume: 19
Issue: 3
Author(s): Liudmila Orbelian*, Nikita Trembach and Vladimir Durleshter
Affiliation:
- Department of Surgery, Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar Region, Russia
Keywords:
Acute pancreatitis, hypercoagulation, thromboelastogram, pancreatitis, BISAP scale, SOFA scale.
Abstract:
Introduction: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious inflammatory disease of the pancreas
that can lead to significant morbidity and increased mortality. The special role of inflammation
and disruption of the hemostatic system in the development of severe forms of the disease is
known, however, the relationship between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and
thromboelastogram parameters has not been sufficiently studied.
Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic significance of thromboelastogram parameters,
interleukin-6, and interleukin-22 levels in assessing the risk for developing severe forms of
acute pancreatitis.
Materials and Methods: Data from 149 patients with acute pancreatitis were included in the analysis.
The classification of AP was performed according to the 2012 Revision of the Atlanta Classification.
Data including gender, age, lab tests, radiological information, and prognosis were included.
The following scales were used to assess severity: SOFA scale and BISAP scale. IL-6 and
IL-22 were analyzed at 24 h and 48 h after the onset of symptoms. The collected TEG parameters
included K-time, R-value, and Maximum amplitude value at admission. All patients were divided
into three groups: mild, moderate-severe, and severe pancreatitis.
Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the IL-6 level at the
first measurement and on day 2 of the study. IL-22 values were also higher in the group with severe
pancreatitis, however, on day 2, its level became lower compared to the group of patients
with moderate and mild pancreatitis. Statistically significant differences were found in the level of
K-time, R-value, Maximum amplitude, fibrinogen concentration, and platelets count, demonstrating
a hypercoagulation state in severe pancreatitis at admission. The conducted logistic regression
showed that the factors associated with the development of severe forms are the number of points
on the BISAP scale, the level of interleukin-6 in the first 24 hours of the disease, delta IL-22, and
K-time. (AUC = 0.948).
Conclusion: The study highlights that both IL-6 and IL-22 play crucial roles in the inflammatory
cascade of severe acute pancreatitis. Their levels, along with specific hemostasis parameters like
K-time and BISAP score, serve as reliable early predictors of disease severity.
