Title:Application of Quantitative Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Determination of the Content of Geniposide in Gardeniae fructus
Volume: 20
Issue: 9
Author(s): Jian-Wei Dong*, Ya-Li Li, Xue-Jiao Li*, Xiao-Xin Xu and Feng-Xian Li
Affiliation:
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Porous Organic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Environmental
Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Porous Organic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Environmental
Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, China
Keywords:
Gardeniae fructus, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, geniposide, quantitative determination, validation, quality control.
Abstract:
Background: Gardeniae fructus (Zhi-Zi) is the dry ripe fruit of the plant Gardenia jasminoides
Ellis (Rubiaceae), which can be used as both food and medicine. Geniposide, a key constituent
of Gardeniae fructus, serves as an indicator component for evaluating the quality of Gardeniae
fructus. Traditionally, the quantification of geniposide in Gardeniae fructus is achieved
through High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)-based methods.
Objectives: The present study aimed to introduce a rapid approach to quantifying geniposide content
in Gardeniae fructus along with validating its effectiveness.
Methods: The experiments involved finding a suitable deuterium solvent, Internal Standard (IS),
specific peak, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) parameters for quantitation, and validating
specificity, accuracy, precision, and stability.
Results: The results have indicated that methanol-d4 as a solvent has facilitated excellent signal separation
in the proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, with trimethyl 1,3,5-
benzenetricarboxylate emerging as the ideal IS. The specific signal at δ 7.45, corresponding to
H-3 in geniposide, has been identified as the optimal peak for integration. The application of distinctive
signals from the 1H NMR spectroscopy has allowed for the precise quantification of geniposide
in Gardeniae fructus.
Conclusion: This study has suggested using 1H NMR to quantify geniposide in Gardeniae fructus
to be a viable alternative to HPLC-based methods, providing a suitable approach for quality control
of Gardeniae fructus.