Title:Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Author(s): Mukesh P. Ratnaparkhi*, Shailendra S. Salvankar, Avinash R. Tekade and Gajanan M. Kulkarni
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Marathwada Mitra Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Thergaon, Pune, Maharashtra,
411033, India
Keywords:
Nanoparticles, core-shell nanoparticles, pulmonary delivery, non-invasive therapy, lung cancer, respiratory diseases.
Abstract: Nanoscale drug delivery systems have provoked interest for application in various therapies
on account of their ability to elevate the intracellular concentration of drugs inside target cells,
which leads to an increase in efficacy, a decrease in dose, and dose-associated adverse effects. There
are several types of nanoparticles available; however, core-shell nanoparticles outperform bare nanoparticles
in terms of their reduced cytotoxicity, high dispersibility and biocompatibility, and improved
conjugation with drugs and biomolecules because of better surface characteristics. These nanoparticulate
drug delivery systems are used for targeting a number of organs, such as the colon,
brain, lung, etc. Pulmonary administration of medicines is a more appealing method as it is a noninvasive
route for systemic and locally acting drugs as the pulmonary region has a wide surface area,
delicate blood-alveolar barrier, and significant vascularization. A core-shell nano-particulate drug
delivery system is more effective in the treatment of various pulmonary disorders. Thus, this review
has discussed the potential of several types of core-shell nanoparticles in treating various diseases
and synthesis methods of core-shell nanoparticles. The methods for synthesis of core-shell nanoparticles
include solid phase reaction, liquid phase reaction, gas phase reaction, mechanical mixing, microwave-
assisted synthesis, sono-synthesis, and non-thermal plasma technology. The basic types of
core-shell nanoparticles are metallic, magnetic, polymeric, silica, upconversion, and carbon nanomaterial-
based core-shell nanoparticles. With this special platform, it is possible to integrate the benefits
of both core and shell materials, such as strong serum stability, effective drug loading, adjustable
particle size, and immunocompatibility.