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Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5265
ISSN (Online): 2212-3989

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Mini-Review Article

Overview of Human Papillomavirus Infection

Author(s): Mohammad Darvishi*, Majid Nouri, Maziar Zahir, Maryam Asli, Seyed Zia Hejripoor and Ebrahim Karimi

Volume 24, Issue 2, 2024

Published on: 03 November, 2023

Article ID: e031123223107 Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/0118715265257105231025112708

Price: $65

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA oncogenic virus. HPV infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease, and is capable of infecting mucosal and cutaneous membranes of the anogenital, upper aerodigestive tract, and other head and neck mucosal regions. Although HPV infection is generally asymptomatic and can be easily resolved by the immune system, if it persists and progresses, it can lead to cancer. HPV is permanently responsible for 5% of human cancers. Malignant lesions related to HPV include oral and respiratory squamous cell carcinomas, and cervical and anogenital cancers. Currently, no specific treatment is available for HPV infection, and therapeutic procedures (tissue ablation, chemotherapy, cryotherapy, and immunomodulation) cannot eliminate the virus completely. Vaccination and cervical screening are two methods that have been developed to provide protection against oncogenic HPV. Unfortunately, no effective protocol for vaccination, prevention, testing, or treatment has yet been proposed in the developing countries. In this review, we have reviewed the knowledge gained from recent studies on virology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of HPV infection.

Keywords: Epidemiology, human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV-related disease, pathogenesis, natural history, treatment, vaccination.

Graphical Abstract

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