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Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Online): 1875-5607

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Review Article

Research Mechanism and Progress of the Natural Compound Curcumin in Treating Alzheimer´s Disease

Author(s): Li Li, Fan Wang, Xirong Jia, Luyang Yao and Yu Liu*

Volume 24, Issue 17, 2024

Published on: 30 October, 2023

Page: [1590 - 1601] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/0113895575263783231009051957

Price: $65

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. AD patients usually present symptoms, such as cognitive dysfunction, progressive memory loss, and other manifestations. With the increasing number of AD cases worldwide, there is an urgent need to develop effective drug treatments. Currently, drugs targeting AD symptoms may not change or prevent the progression of the disease. Curcumin, a polyphenol extracted from the turmeric herb, has been used for the treatment of AD. In this review, we summarized both cellular and animal studies and described the mechanism of action of curcumin in altering the pathological features of AD. Curcumin attenuates the formation of amyloid-β plaques and promotes its decomposition, reduces the phosphorylation of tau, improves its clearance rate, and binds with copper to reduce cholesterol. It changes the activity of microglia, suppresses acetylcholinesterase, regulates insulin signal transduction, and exhibits antioxidant properties. Studies have found that curcumin can promote nerve repair and has a significant effect on AD. However, the low bioavailability of curcumin may hinder its use as a therapeutic agent. If this limitation can be overcome, curcumin may emerge as a promising drug for the treatment of AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid-β, curcumin, turmeric, tau protein, copper binding, blood-brain barrier, bioavailability, cholesterol, antioxidant.

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