Title:Neuroendocrinological and Clinical Aspects of Leptin
Volume: 24
Issue: 9
Author(s): Tulin Yanik*Seyda Tugce Durhan
Affiliation:
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
Keywords:
Obesity, leptin, hypothalamus, diet, appetite, metabolic processes.
Abstract: Obesity is characterized by an abnormal increase in adipose tissue mass and is regarded as
a neurobehavioral as well as a metabolic disorder. Increases in body fat are caused by even slight,
long-term discrepancies between energy intake and energy expenditure. It is a chronic condition
linked to the metabolic syndrome, a spectrum of risky conditions, such as diabetes, high blood pressure,
and heart disease. With a swiftly rising prevalence, obesity has emerged as a significant global
health concern. Leptin influences the brain’s neuroendocrine and metabolic processes, which is important
for maintaining energy homeostasis. White adipose tissue secretes the majority of leptin, and
there is a positive correlation between leptin levels in the blood and body fat percentages. The central
nervous system is also modulated by leptin levels to modify energy intake and usage. The idea of an
obesity cure sparked excitement after it was discovered more than 25 years ago. However, the leptin
medication only effectively reduces weight in patients with congenital leptin insufficiency and not in
patients with typical obesity who may also have leptin resistance. Recent research has focused on the
role of leptin in managing weight reduction and preventing “yo-yo dieting”. This review concentrates
on the neurological effects of leptin with a focus on therapeutic and diagnostic applications, particularly
for childhood obesity.
