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Current Neuropharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1570-159X
ISSN (Online): 1875-6190

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General Review Article

Neuroprotective Strategies for Stroke by Natural Products: Advances and Perspectives

Author(s): Aifen Liu, Jingyan Hu, Tzu-Shao Yeh, Chengniu Wang, Jilong Tang, Xiaohong Huang, Bin Chen, Liexiang Huangfu, Weili Yu and Lei Zhang*

Volume 21, Issue 11, 2023

Published on: 19 July, 2023

Page: [2283 - 2309] Pages: 27

DOI: 10.2174/1570159X21666230717144752

Price: $65

Abstract

Cerebral ischemic stroke is a disease with high prevalence and incidence. Its management focuses on rapid reperfusion with intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy. Both therapeutic strategies reduce disability, but the therapy time window is short, and the risk of bleeding is high. Natural products (NPs) have played a key role in drug discovery, especially for cancer and infectious diseases. However, they have made little progress in clinical translation and pose challenges to the treatment of stroke. Recently, with the investigation of precise mechanisms in cerebral ischemic stroke and the technological development of NP-based drug discovery, NPs are addressing these challenges and opening up new opportunities in cerebral stroke. Thus, in this review, we first summarize the structure and function of diverse NPs, including flavonoids, phenols, terpenes, lactones, quinones, alkaloids, and glycosides. Then we propose the comprehensive neuroprotective mechanism of NPs in cerebral ischemic stroke, which involves complex cascade processes of oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis or ferroptosis-related cell death, inflammatory response, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Overall, we stress the neuroprotective effect of NPs and their mechanism on cerebral ischemic stroke for a better understanding of the advances and perspective in NPs application that may provide a rationale for the development of innovative therapeutic regimens in ischemic stroke.

Keywords: Ischemic stroke, natural products, neuroprotection, antioxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, apoptosis, inflammation.

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